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Methods may be the best methods for evaluating changes over time in nigrostriatal dopaminergic function. Their main draw back is that they do not account for variations in peripheral F-Dopa metabolism 6 ; . Despite the close correlation between the ratio and KioTSmethods Table 3 ; 22 ; , the KioTSmethod, based on compartmental theories 18, 19 ; , should more closely reflect the underlying physiological mechanisms 29 ; and is the preferred method. However, when the background radioactivity measurement is not optimal e.g., with low yields or with low scanner spatial resolution ; , the ratio method may be preferable because it is, by averaging the background radioactivity over 60 min, less sensitive to errors that appear at the end of the scanning time when the radioactivity is low Table 1 ; . The final F-Dopa PET results were influenced more by the type of input function i.e., use of blood analysis or not ; than by the method of analysis i.e., type of ROIs, graphical versus ratio ; . The ratio and Kio results were highly intercorrelated, as were all the results using the Kip method. The correlation between the two subgroups that did or did not use the blood input was lower than that within each group despite the use of identical ROIs. This difference underlines the fact that, even if correlated, the Kio and Kip methods are not equivalent 30 ; . The Kip method is the only one able to control for the peripheral metabolism of F-Dopa and therefore is preferred in longitudinal studies when the metabolism of F-Dopa may be altered e.g., with the use of COMT inhibitors ; . The method requires precise blood sampling and reproducible analytical methods to correct for metabolism of F-Dopa 12 ; . The graphical CP methods had the highest discriminating power between patients with Parkinson's disease and normal subjects and therefore may be the best method for preclinical diagnosis in cross-sectional studies. For both TS and CP data, the Kio method had a greater ability to discriminate between normal subjects and patients with Parkinson's disease than did the Kip method. In the present study, there was a difference in the method of analyzing metabolites of F-Dopa between normal subjects batch-contact alumina-extraction method ; and patients with Parkinson's disease HPLC ; . Although the two methods were previously reported to give similar results 76 ; , recent refinements to the HPLC analysis may have contributed to the decline in the slope of 30MD F-Dopa versus time seen in patients with Parkinson's disease relative to that in normal subjects. If, however, the normal subjects had a systematically lower slope, similar to that in the patients with Parkinson's disease, then their Kip values would be lower, and the discrimi nant power of the Kip method would be even less. The better discrimination achieved by using the Kio method instead of the Kip method has been reported previously 22 ; but is in contrast with the results of two recent studies 30, 31 ; in which better discrimination with the Kip method was reported. A more probable explanation for the different pattern of results obtained from different sites might lie in differences in the reliability of the blood or cortical radioactivity measurements, or both. This would propagate to differences in the variance of the Kip or Kio results and thus affect the discriminating power of these methods. Future data on the reproducibility of the F-Dopa PET measurements from other centers may help resolve this issue 32, 33, because lisinopril. Discount DrugsTsukuba Research Institute, Banyu Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. Merck ; , Tsukuba 300-2611, Japan [M. O., N. M. H.]; Merck Frosst Center for Therapeutic Research, Pointe-Claire Dorval, Quebec, Canada H9R 4P8 [S. K., M. A., P. L., E. K.]; University of Tokyo, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Laboratory of Biomedical Genetics, Tokyo 113-0033 Japan [M. M. T.]; and Merck & Co., Inc., West Point, Pennsylvania 19486 [J. F. E.]. Blood dyscrasias: A disease of the blood usually involving cellular abnormalities i.e., poorly functioning or fewer than normal platelets, or loss of certain blood proteins called "clotting factors"; poorly functioning or decreased numbers of red and or white blood cells. agranulocytosis: A condition in which there are too few of a specific type of white blood cell called neutrophils in the blood. Affected people are susceptible to infections. dopamine: A type of neurotransmitter in the brain. insomnia: Difficulty falling or staying asleep, or poor sleep quality. microencapsulated: To enclose in a tiny capsule material as a medicine ; that is released when the capsule is broken, melted, or dissolved. 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